Toner ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula kwa electrophotographic monga ma electrostatic copiers ndi osindikiza a laser. Amapangidwa ndi utomoni, pigment, zowonjezera ndi zina. Kukonzekera ndi kukonzekera kwake kumaphatikizapo kukonza bwino kwambiri, mankhwala, zipangizo zophatikizika ndi zina, ndipo amadziwika ngati mankhwala apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Chiyambireni ukadaulo wokopera ma electrostatic, ndikutukuka kofulumira kwaukadaulo wazidziwitso komanso makina opangira ma ofesi, kuchuluka kwa makina osindikizira a laser ndi makina osindikizira a electrostatic adafuna kuti mafotokopi akhale ndi malingaliro apamwamba komanso kusalimba kwachitukuko koyenera. Toner iyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino a tinthu, kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kakulidwe kakang'ono ka tinthu, komanso kuthamangitsa mikangano yoyenera.

Toner yoyenerera iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira izi:

1. Ndikofunikira kuti tipewe zonyansa kuti zisayipitse tona, njira yachitukuko cha electrostatic ili ndi zofunika kwambiri pa tona, ndipo zonyansa zosakanikirana mu tona zidzawononga mwachindunji mtundu wa chithunzicho.

2. The kugunda ndi kukangana pakati pa tona particles ndi pakati pa particles ndi khoma adzabala amphamvu electrostatic kwenikweni, ndi electrostatic chodabwitsa zidzakhudza ntchito otetezeka pamene kuli koopsa, ndipo ngakhale kuyambitsa zotsatira zoopsa kwambiri, ndi zofunika odana- static ayenera kuganiziridwa.

3. Tona ili ndi zomatira, kudzikundikira kwa nthawi yayitali kudzakhudza ntchito yosalala yanthawi zonse, ndipo ngakhale kubweretsa njira yopapatiza kapena yotsekedwa, miyeso yofunikira yoyeretsa.

4. Toner makamaka ndi zinthu zakuthupi, pali zotheka ndi ngozi yobisika ya kuphulika kwa fumbi, zomwe siziyenera kutengedwa mopepuka.